辐照富硒木耳多糖对1型糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用研究

刘爽; 曲孟; 齐欣; 及长城; 崔承弼

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024030421

辐照富硒木耳多糖对1型糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用研究

Hypoglycemic Effect of Irradiation Se-enriched A.auricularia Polysaccharide on Type 1 Diabetes Mice

摘要

摘要: 本研究旨在探讨不同辐照剂量的富硒木耳多糖（Se-enriched A.Auricularia polysaccharide，SAAP）对1型糖尿病（Type 1 diabetes mellitus，T1DM）小鼠的保护作用。本实验对富硒木耳进行⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐照处理，随后进行多糖的提取，采用响应面法对SAAP的最佳提取条件进行优化，通过比较SAAP在不同辐照剂量下的降血糖作用，并进行体内降血糖研究。通过注射链脲佐菌素（Streptozotocin，STZ）建立C57BL/6 T1DM小鼠模型，评价其空腹血糖值（Fasting blood glucose，FBG）、口服葡萄糖耐量（Oral glucose test，OGTT）以及SAAP对T1DM小鼠糖脂代谢和氧化应激的调节作用。结果表明，经响应面优化，结合实际条件最优参数为：液料比38:1 mL/g，提取温度98 ℃，提取时间3.5 h，得到SAAP浓度为0.73 mg/mL。SAAP可以改善T1DM小鼠多饮多食以及体重减轻的症状（P<0.05）；SAAP能够调节T1DM小鼠的血糖水平，表现为FBG和OGTT降低；SAAP能够显著降低T1DM小鼠的总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）含量以及丙二醛（MDA）含量（P<0.05），增加超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）以及过氧化氢酶（CAT）水平；SAAP可以减轻T1DM所带来的炎症反应，即β干扰素（IFN-β）、白细胞介素18（IL-18）、白细胞介素6受体（IL-6R）和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-γ）水平降低，并与其辐照剂量成正比；SAAP通过抑制PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路从而对T1DM小鼠起到保护作用，且辐照剂量为10 kGy时抑制效果最佳。本研究为SAAP在治疗T1DM引起的炎症反应和氧化应激的应用提供理论依据和技术参考。

Abstract: To investigate different irradiation doses of Se-enriched A.Auricularia polysaccharide (SAAP) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) mice. In this study, extraction of polysaccharides from selenium-enriched fungus was carried out after ⁶⁰Co-γ-ray irradiation treatment. The optimal extraction conditions of SAAP were optimized by response surface methodology. The optimal irradiation dose was selected for the study of in vivo hypoglycemia by comparing the hypoglycemic effect of SAAP under different irradiation doses. C57BL/6 T1DM mice model was established by injecting streptozotocin (STZ) to evaluate the effects of fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), and SAAP on the glucolipid metabolism and the regulation of oxidative stress in T1DM mice. The results showed that after response surface optimization, the optimal extraction conditions for SAAP: Material-liquid ratio of 37.98:1 mL/g, extraction temperature of 97.94 ℃, extraction time of 3.42 h. The optimal parameters were as follows: liquid-material ratio of 38:1 mL/g, extraction temperature 98 ℃, extraction time of 3.5 h, and SAAP concentration of 0.73 mg/mL. SAAP could improve the symptoms of polydipsia, polyphagia and weight loss in T1DM mice (P<0.05). SAAP was able to regulate blood glucose levels in T1DM mice, as evidenced by a decrease in FBG and OGTT. SAAP was able to significantly reduce total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) content, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content (P<0.05), as well as increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) in T1DM mice. SAAP was able to attenuate the inflammatory response to T1DM, the levels of interferon β (IFN-β), interleukin 18 (IL-18), interleukin 6 receptor (IL-6R), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-γ) were reduced in direct proportion to the irradiation. The protective effect of SAAP on T1DM mice was achieved by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and the inhibitory effect was best at an irradiation dose of 10 kGy. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for the application of SAAP in the treatment of T1DM-induced inflammation and oxidative stress.