党参、黄芪、茯苓复合饮料对脂代谢和肝损伤的影响

谢淑玲; 宋洋洋; 张利; 赵晴; 朱丽婷; 赵剑

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024010050

党参、黄芪、茯苓复合饮料对脂代谢和肝损伤的影响

Effects of the Composite Beverage Containing Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, Poria cocos on Lipid Metabolism and Liver Damage

摘要

摘要: 为研究党参、黄芪、茯苓复合饮料对高血脂大鼠的降血脂作用和对脂肪性肝损伤的保护作用，将48只成年雄性大鼠随机分为6组，每组8只，分别为对照组、模型组、辛伐他汀组和党参、黄芪、茯苓复合饮料低、中、高剂量组（518、103、2072 mg/kg）。对照组给与普通饲料喂养，其余各组给与高脂饲料喂养。对照组及模型组大鼠灌胃蒸馏水，辛伐他汀组灌胃辛伐他汀溶液，其余3组灌胃不同剂量的党参、黄芪、茯苓复合饮料，连续8周。试验结束后分离肝脏、睾周脂肪、肾周脂肪并称重，计算肝指数、睾周脂肪指数和肾周脂肪指数；测定血清中总胆固固醇（total cholesterol，TC）、甘油三酯（triglyceride，TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆醇（low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol，LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol，HDL-C）、谷丙转氨酶（alanine aminotransferase，ALT）、谷草转氨酶（aspartate aminotransferase，AST）含量；HE染色和油红染色检测肝脏病变。结果表明，与模型组相比，给予党参、黄芪、茯苓复合饮料各组大鼠的体重、肝指数、肾周脂肪指数、睾周脂肪指数均显著下降（P<0.05，P<0.01），体重最高降低11.91%，肝指数最高降低11.81%，肾周脂肪指数最高降低33.33%，睾周脂肪指数最高降低31.13%；血清TC、TG、LDL-C含量显著下降（P<0.05，P<0.01），HDL-C含量显著升高（P<0.05，P<0.01），且呈剂量相关性，高剂量组效果最好，TC降低27.64%、TG降低36.76%、LDL-C降低30.85%，HDL-C升高40.86%，均具有极显著性差异（P<0.01）；血清AST含量极显著降低27.35%、ALT含量极显著降低48.02%（P<0.01）；肝细胞脂肪变性和肝细胞脂滴沉积得到显著改善。综上，党参、黄芪、茯苓复合饮料具有较好的降血脂作用和肝脏保护作用。

Abstract: To study the effects of the composite beverage containing Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, Poria cocos on hypolipidemic effects and fatty liver damage in hyperlipidemic rats, 48 adult male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, with 8 rats in each group, which were blank control group, model group, simvastatin group, and low, medium, and high dose sample groups of the composite beverage containing Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, Poria cocos (518, 103, 2072 mg/kg). The blank control group was fed with standard diet, while the other groups were fed with high-fat feed. The blank control group and model group rats were given distilled water, the simvastatin group was given simvastatin solution, and the other three groups were given different doses of the composite beverage for 8 consecutive weeks. After the experiment, the liver, peritesticular fat, and perirenal fat of the rats were separated and weighed, and the liver index, peritesticular fat index, and perirenal fat index of the rats were calculated. The content of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in blood serum were measured. The liver lesions were detected by using HE staining and oil red staining. The research showed that compared with the model group, the body weight, liver index, perirenal fat index, and peritesticular fat index of rats in each group fed with the composite beverage containing Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, Poria cocos could significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), the maximum decrease in body weight was 11.91%, in liver index was 11.81%, in perirenal fat index was 33.33%, and in peritesticular fat index was 31.13%. The content of TC, TG, and LDL-C in serum significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the content of HDL-C significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the result values showed a dose correlation, and the high-dose group had the best effect, the content of TC decreased by 27.64%, TG by 36.76%, LDL-C by 30.85% in serum. The content of HLD-C increased by 40.86%, the above results all had extremely significant differences (P<0.01). The levels of AST significantly decreased by 27.35% and the levels of ALT significantly decreased by 48.02% (P<0.01), and hepatocellular steatosis and hepatic lipid droplet deposition in hyperlipidemic rats significantly improved. In summary, the composite beverage containing Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, Poria cocos had fairly good lipid-lowering effects and liver protective effects.