不同修饰型叶黄素纳米脂质体结肠消化过程稳定性及对粪便菌群调节作用

王晓芹; 闫红旭; 徐亚元; 李大婧; 包怡红; 戴竹青

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023090276

不同修饰型叶黄素纳米脂质体结肠消化过程稳定性及对粪便菌群调节作用

Stability of Differently Modified Lutein Nanostructured Lipid Carriers During Colonic Digestion and Their Interaction with Feces Microbiota

摘要

摘要: 目的：在构建叶黄素脂质体（Lutein nanostructured lipid carriers，LNLs）的基础上，利用壳聚糖（chitosan，CS）、壳聚糖-表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯共价（Chitosan epigallocatechin gallate covalent，C-CS-EGCG）/非共价复合物（Chitosan epigallocatechin gallate ester non covalent，Non-C-CS-EGCG），结合高压微射流技术，制备不同修饰类型的叶黄素纳米脂质体。方法：通过建立模拟结肠消化模型，探明三种不同修饰类型叶黄素纳米脂质体在结肠消化过程中的稳定性以及与肠道菌群相互作用关系。结果表明：经24 h模拟体外结肠发酵后，CS-LNLs中叶黄素含量较其他处理组显著（P<0.05）降低；除叶黄素（Lutein，LUT）以及CS-LNLs外，其他处理组发酵后发酵液中总糖含量均显著下降（P<0.05），C-CS-EGCG-LNLs和Non-C-CS-EGCG-LNLs中总多酚含量变化呈现相反趋势；经24 h发酵后，除LUT组外，各处理组中乙酸和丙酸的产生量均显著增加（P<0.05），C-CS-EGCG-LNLs组乙酸浓度达到17.18±0.60 mmol/L；乳酸浓度达到2.87±0.05 mmol/L，显著（P<0.05）高于空白组（Blank Control Group，BLK）7.55倍；三种不同修饰类型叶黄素纳米脂质体对肠道菌群结构均产生显著影响，其中，CS-LNLs、C-CS-EGCG-LNLs和Non-C-CS-EGCG-LNLs中拟杆菌属、小杆菌属以及粪杆菌属相对丰度显著增加（P<0.05），而C-CS-EGCG-LNLs中富集了较多的韦永氏球菌属（Veillonella）。结论：在结肠消化阶段，与其他修饰组纳米脂质体相比，C-CS-EGCG-LNLs具有显著的肠道微生物结构差异性。

Abstract: To prepare different types of lutein nanostructured lipid carriers (LNLs) using chitosan (CS), chitosan-epigallocatechin gallate covalent (C-CS-EGCG), and chitosan-epigallocatechin gallate ester non-covalent (Non-C-CS-EGCG) modifications combined with high-pressure microfluidization. A simulated colonic digestion model was established to investigate the stability and interaction with gut microbiota of these modified lutein nanostructured lipid carriers. Results showed that after 24 hours of simulated in vitro colonic fermentation, the lutein content in CS-LNLs significantly decreased (P<0.05) compared to other treatment groups. Except for lutein and CS-LNLs, the total sugar content in the fermentation supernatant significantly decreased (P<0.05) in other treatment groups, while the total polyphenol content in C-CS-EGCG-LNLs and Non-C-CS-EGCG-LNLs showed an opposite trend. After 24 hours of fermentation, the production of acetic acid and propionic acid significantly increased (P<0.05) in all treatment groups except the LUT group, with the acetic acid concentration reaching 17.18±0.60 mmol/L in the C-CS-EGCG-LNLs group. The lactic acid concentration reached 2.87±0.05 mmol/L, significantly higher (P<0.05) than the blank control group (BLK) by 7.55 times. The three different types of modified lutein nanostructured lipid carriers had a significant impact on the gut microbiota structure. The relative abundance of Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium significantly increased (P<0.05) in CS-LNLs, C-CS-EGCG-LNLs, and Non-C-CS-EGCG-LNLs, while C-CS-EGCG-LNLs enriched more Veillonella. Conclusion: Compared to other modification groups, C-CS-EGCG-LNLs had significant intestinal microbial structural differentiation in the colon digestive phase of nanoliposomes.