四种益生菌对毛蚶肌原纤维蛋白模拟消化产物的生物利用研究

李子瑾; 侯传丽; 梁铮洋; 任娇艳

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023090275

四种益生菌对毛蚶肌原纤维蛋白模拟消化产物的生物利用研究

Bioutilization of Arca subcrenata Myofibrillar Protein by Four Probiotics

摘要

摘要: 以毛蚶为研究对象，考察植物乳植杆菌（Lactiplantibacillus plantarun，LP45）、两歧双歧杆菌BBi32（Bifidobacterium bifidobacterial，BBi32）、鼠李糖乳酪杆菌LGG（Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus，LGG）以及动物双歧杆菌乳亚种Probio-M8（Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Probio-M8，Probio-M8）四种益生菌对毛蚶肌原纤维蛋白模拟消化产物生物利用的差异性。将毛蚶肌原纤维蛋白进行体外模拟消化，以消化产物作为氮源，分别采用氮源替换和氮源添加两种方式培养四种益生菌，通过监测四种益生菌的生长曲线、pH、菌落数等变化，评价不同益生菌对毛蚶肌原纤维蛋白模拟消化产物的利用特性。结果表明，以MRS组作为对照组，氮源替换组可显著抑制四种益生菌的增殖（P<0.05），但对动物双歧杆菌乳亚种Probio-M8的抑制作用较低；当毛蚶肌原纤维蛋白模拟消化产物作为氮源添加至培养基中，该蛋白模拟消化产物可显著促进动物双歧杆菌乳亚种Probio-M8的增殖；当添加氮源浓度为0.03 mg/mL时，动物双歧杆菌乳亚种Probio-M8活菌数为对照组的1.2倍（P<0.05），但对胞外聚合物的产量无显著影响。研究显示，氮源替换时，毛蚶肌原纤维蛋白模拟消化产物可抑制益生菌的增殖；氮源添加时，毛蚶肌原纤维蛋白模拟消化产物在低浓度时对四种益生菌的增殖均有一定的促进作用，但对不同益生菌的促进程度不同，表明不同种类益生菌对氮源的需求不同，该研究为益生菌的氮源生物利用提供了理论指导。

Abstract: Using Arca subcrenata as the research object, this study explored the differences in the utilization of simulated digestion products of Arca subcrenata myofibrillar protein by probiotics, namely Lactiplantibacillus plantarun, Bifidobacterium bifidobacterial, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis Probio-M8. The study first simulated the in vitro digestion of myofibrillar protein from Arca subcrenata and used it as a nitrogen source to co-culture with probiotics by nitrogen source replacement and nitrogen source addition, respectively. Subsequently, the utilization characteristics by the probiotics on the digestion products of myofibrillar protein from Arca subcrenata were evaluated by monitoring the growth curve, pH and colony number among others. The results showed that, compared to the de Man-Rogosa-Sharpe group, the nitrogen source replacement group could significantly inhibit the proliferation of the four probiotic species (P<0.05), but the inhibitory effect on Probio-M8 was weak. When the simulated digestion products of Arca subcrenata myofibrillar protein were added to the medium as the nitrogen source, the protein products could significantly promote the proliferation of Probio-M8. At the protein concentration of 0.03 mg/mL, the number of Probio-M8 viable bacteria was 1.2 times higher than that of the control group, implying the protein significantly promoted the growth of Probio-M8 (P<0.05). However, Arca subcrenata myofibrillar protein products had no significant effect on extracellular polymer substances. The results showed that, when the nitrogen source was replaced, simulated digestion products of Arca subcrenata myofibrillar protein inhibited the proliferation of probiotics. When the nitrogen source was added, the simulated digestion products of Arca subcrenata myofibrillar protein at low concentrations had probiotic-specific growth-promoting effect on the four probiotics. It indicated that different probiotics have different nitrogen source requirements. These results would provide theoretical guidance for the bio-utilization of nitrogen sources by probiotics.