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中国精品科技期刊2020
钟思彦,邹波,林锦波,等. 不同品种黄皮果实营养成分及加工特性评价[J]. 华体会体育,2024,45(14):253−263. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023080284.
引用本文: 钟思彦,邹波,林锦波,等. 不同品种黄皮果实营养成分及加工特性评价[J]. 华体会体育,2024,45(14):253−263. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023080284.
ZHONG Siyan, ZOU Bo, LIN Jinbo, et al. Evaluation of Nutrient Composition and Processing Characteristics of Different Varieties of Wampee[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2024, 45(14): 253−263. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023080284.
Citation: ZHONG Siyan, ZOU Bo, LIN Jinbo, et al. Evaluation of Nutrient Composition and Processing Characteristics of Different Varieties of Wampee[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2024, 45(14): 253−263. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023080284.

不同品种黄皮果实营养成分及加工特性评价

Evaluation of Nutrient Composition and Processing Characteristics of Different Varieties of Wampee

  • 摘要: 为研究不同品种黄皮果实综合品质的差异及加工特性,以七种黄皮为研究对象,分析了果实的物理性状、化学组成和抗氧化能力,并采用主成分分析法和聚类分析法对七种黄皮(‘冰糖黄皮’‘鸡心黄皮’‘金黄皮’‘贵妃3号’‘白蜜黄皮’‘华南1号’‘无核黄皮’)进行加工特性评价和归类。结果表明:七种黄皮的出浆率、可溶性糖和有机酸含量分别介于50.51%~60.71%、18.93~48.91 mg/g和8.13~14.00 mg/g,其中,‘冰糖黄皮’出浆率最高,‘白蜜黄皮’可溶性糖含量最高,‘鸡心黄皮’有机酸含量最高;果皮总酚、果肉总酚、果皮总黄酮和果肉总黄酮含量分别介于2446.4~4045.5 mg/kg DW、763.7~118.2 mg/kg、234.1~678.7 mg/kg DW和96.8~143.4 mg/kg,其中‘贵妃3号’果皮果肉的总酚和总黄酮含量最高,抗氧化能力最强(铁离子还原能力(Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power,FRAP)、DPPH自由基清除能力)。采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪鉴定出黄皮中9种酚类化合物,其中芦丁含量最高。将黄皮营养及加工特性的25个指标进行主成分分析,结果表明,黄皮的品质可以用4个主成分表达(累计贡献率达到87.51%),其中‘贵妃3号’综合评价得分最高,‘冰糖黄皮’得分最低。聚类分析结果与主成分分析结果基本一致。整体而言,‘贵妃3号’和‘无核黄皮’的总酚、总黄酮含量最高,抗氧化能力最强,但是可溶性糖含量比较少,适合功能成分提取;‘冰糖黄皮’和‘白蜜黄皮’可溶性糖含量高,有机酸含量少,口味酸甜适中,适合鲜食;‘金黄皮’‘华南1号’和‘鸡心黄皮’有机酸含量高,更适合加工成食品配料。

     

    Abstract: In order to study the differences in the comprehensive quality and processing characteristics of different varieties of wampee (Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels), seven kinds of wampee ('Bingtanghuangpi' 'Jixinhuangpi' 'Jinhuangpi' 'Guifeisanhao' 'Baimihuangpi' 'Huananyihao' 'Wuhehuangpi') were taken as the research objects, the physical property, chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of the fruits were analyzed, and the processing characteristics of the seven kinds of wampee were evaluated and categorized using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that the pulping rate, soluble sugar and organic acid content of seven kinds of wampee ranged from 50.51% to 60.71%, 18.93 to 48.91 mg/g and 8.13 to 14.00 mg/g. Respectively, the 'Bingtanghuangpi' had the highest pulping rate, the 'Baimihuangpi' had the highest soluble sugar content, the 'Jixinhuangpi' had the highest organic acid content. The total phenol content of pericarp, total phenol content of fruit pulp, total flavonoid content of pericarp and total flavonoid content of fruit pulp ranged from 2446.4 to 4045.5 mg/kg DW, 763.7 to 118.2 mg/kg, 234.1 to 678.7 mg/kg DW, and 96.8 to 143.4 mg/kg. Respectively, the 'Guifeisanhao' had the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid content, and the strongest antioxidant capacity (ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), DPPH radical scavenging capacity). Nine phenolic compounds in wampee were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), and rutin was the main phenolic compound. The results of principal component analysis showed that 25 indicators reflecting the quality of different varieties of wampee, that can be expressed by four principal components (the cumulative contribution rate reached 87.51%), of which 'Guifeisanhao' scored the highest in the comprehensive evaluation of principal component analysis, and 'Bingtanghuangpi' scored the lowest. The results of cluster analysis were basically consistent with the results of principal component analysis. Overall, 'Guifeisanhao' and 'Wuhehuangpi' had the highest content of total phenolics, total flavonoids and the strongest antioxidant ability, but the soluble sugar content was relatively low, which was more suitable for the extraction of active substances. 'Bingtanghuangpi' and 'Baimihuangpi' had high soluble sugar content and low organic acid content, with moderate sweet and sour taste, which was suitable for fresh food, and the high organic acid content of 'Jinhuangpi' 'Huananyihao' and 'Jixinhuangpi' was more suitable for processing into food ingredient.

     

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