腊梅花提取物对高脂膳食诱导小鼠肥胖的预防作用

周敏; 杨浩; 张廷瑶; 陈春鹏; 雷霜江; 焦士蓉

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023040054

腊梅花提取物对高脂膳食诱导小鼠肥胖的预防作用

Preventive Effect of Chimonanthus praecox Flower Extract on High-fat Diet-induced Obesity in Mice

摘要

摘要: 目的：探究腊梅花提取物对高脂膳食诱导小鼠肥胖的预防作用。方法：将50只C57BL/6小黑鼠分为5组，即空白对照组（NC），模型对照组（HFD），腊梅花提取物（Chimonanthus praecox flower extract，CPFE）低（LDG）、中（MDG）、高（HDG）剂量组。空白对照组给予基础维持饲料，模型对照组和剂量组给予高脂饲料。低、中、高剂量组分别给予腊梅花提取物0.2、0.4、0.8 g/（kg mb·d）进行干预，即腊梅花多酚剂量分别为24.81、49.62、99.25 mg/（kg mb·d），对照组给予等量0.9% NaCl。连续灌胃4周，测定小鼠体重、肝脏系数、血清生化指标、脏器抗氧化能力，观察肝脏组织形态学变化。结果：模型对照组与空白对照组比较，体重、肝脏系数、血清总胆固醇（Total Cholesterol，TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol，LDL-C）和脏器丙二醛（Malondialdehyde，MDA）水平升高（P<0.05）；血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol，HDL-C）和脏器谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（Glutathione peroxidase，GSH-Px）、过氧化氢酶（Catalase，CAT），超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide Dismutase，SOD）、谷胱甘肽（Glutathione，GSH）水平降低（P<0.05）；肝脏病理结果显示，模型对照组与空白对照组相比，肝小叶结构不规则，细胞形态被破坏，出现空泡变性，且肝索不清晰，肝窦被挤压变形，表明高脂饮食诱导小鼠肥胖成功。剂量组与模型对照组相比，腊梅花提取物能够下调血清TC、LDL-C、甘油三酯（Triglyceride，TG）和脏器MDA水平，高剂量组效果更明显（P<0.05）；腊梅花提取物还能使血清HDL-C水平和脏器GSH-Px、CAT、SOD、GSH水平升高，效果与腊梅花提取物浓度呈剂量效应。肝脏组织病理结果较模型对照组有所改善，可见肝脏组织形态和结构更加完整。腊梅花提取物还能降低肥胖小鼠的体质量和肝脏指数且高剂量组效果更显著。结论：腊梅花提取物具有降低血清胆固醇，增强小鼠抗氧化能力和保护肝组织细胞功能形态的作用。

Abstract: Objective: To study the preventive effect of ethanolic extract from Chimonanthus praecox flower on obesity induced by high-fat diet in mice. Methods: A total of 50 C57BL/6 mice were divided into five groups of blank control, model control, low-, medium- and high-dose Chimonanthus praecox flower extract (CPFE) treatment. The mice in the blank control group were provided with a basal diet whereas those in the other groups were given a high-fat diet. The mice in the low-, medium- and high-dose groups were orally administered with CPFE at doses of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 g/(kg mb·d), containing 24.81, 49.62 and 99.25 mg/(kg mb·d) of Chimonanthus praecox flower polyphenols, respectively. The blank control, model control groups were administered with 0.9% NaCl. The administration lasted for 4 weeks. Then, body weight, serum biochemical indicators, organ antioxidant capacity were measured and pathological sections of liver tissue were examined. Results: The body weight, liver coefficient, serum levels of TC, LDL-C, organ levels of MDA in the model control group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group (P<0.05). The levels of organ GSH-Px, CAT, SOD, GSH in the model control group were significantly lower than those in the blank control group (P<0.05). Pathological examination showed that compared with the blank control group, the structure of liver lobules was irregular, the cell morphology was destroyed, vacuolar degeneration occurs, and the hepatic cord was not clear, and the hepatic sinuses were squeezed and deformed, indicating successful obesity induction in mice. In addition, compared with the model control group, the CPFE especially at the high dose lowered serum TC, LDL-C, TG, organ MDA in obese mice (P<0.05) and increased serum HDL-C levels, organ GSH-Px, CAT, SOD, GSH levels, and the effect was dose-effective with the concentration of CPFE. Pathological status of the organ were improved compared to the model control group, as evidenced by a more intact liver histomorphology and structure. The extract also reduced the body weight and liver index of obese mice and the effect was more pronounced in the high dose group. Conclusion: The CPFE have the effects of lowering serum cholesterol, enhancing antioxidant capacity and protecting the functional morphology of liver tissue cells in mice.