乳酸菌葡聚糖蔗糖酶的研究进展

Research Progress of Glucansucrase from Lactic Acid Bacteria

摘要: 葡聚糖蔗糖酶（Glucansucrase）（EC.2.4.5.1）是一类α-转糖苷酶（Glucosyltransferase），主要由明串珠菌属（Leuconostoc）、链球菌属（Streptococcus）及乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）等乳酸菌产生。葡聚糖蔗糖酶的结构和催化机制具有多样性，是生物合成胞外多糖的一种重要工具酶。本文主要综述了乳酸菌葡聚糖蔗糖酶的来源、分类、结构、反应机制，以及介绍培养基组成、培养条件对酶产量的影响，重点阐述葡聚糖蔗糖酶的优化方法、分离纯化过程及酶学性质，并对其发展趋势进行展望，以期为葡聚糖蔗糖酶在相关领域开展研究提供参考。

Abstract: Glucansucrase (EC.2.4.5.1) is a class of α-glucosyltransferases, mainly produced by lactic acid bacteria such as Leuconostoc, Streptococcus and Lactobacillus. The structure and catalytic mechanism of glucansucrase are diverse, and it is an important tool enzyme for the biosynthesis of exopolysaccharide. This article mainly reviews the source, classification, structure and reaction mechanism of glucansucrase and the effects of medium composition, culture conditions on the production of glucansucrase, with a focus on the optimization methods, separation and purification processes, and enzymatic properties of glucansucrase, and prospects for its development trend. This article aims to provide reference for the research of glucansucrase in related fields.