脱除不同溶解性内源蛋白质对早籼米粉理化性质的影响

李欣倩; 刘锦华; 王若伊; 封琴; 冯慕心; 陆春苗; 赵渠加; 杨英

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023020087

脱除不同溶解性内源蛋白质对早籼米粉理化性质的影响

Effects of Removing Endogenous Proteins with Different Solubility on the Physicochemical Properties of Early Indica Rice Flour

摘要

摘要: 为通过利用内源蛋白质调控早籼米粉理化性质提高其制品品质，本文研究脱除不同溶解性内源蛋白质（清蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白）对早籼米粉溶解度、膨胀度、成糊特性及其糊化后水分结合状态、流变学特性和冻融稳定性的影响。结果表明，脱除球蛋白和谷蛋白可提高早籼米粉的溶解度，而脱除醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白均可在高温下提高其膨胀度。脱除清蛋白使早籼米粉成糊的峰值粘度、终值粘度、崩解值和回生值分别降低16%、21%、50%和43%；脱除球蛋白可提高其糊化温度并降低其峰值粘度，脱除醇溶蛋白则相反；脱除谷蛋白使其峰值粘度和终值粘度分别降低22%和12%，并使其崩解值和回生值分别提高49%和53%。脱除谷蛋白使早籼米粉糊化后的弱结合水含量降低14%；脱除球蛋白和谷蛋白均可提高其糊化后与水结合的强度，脱除醇溶蛋白则相反。脱除醇溶蛋白使早籼米粉糊化后的似固状态增强20%；脱除球蛋白和谷蛋白均可降低其糊化后的弹性，脱除醇溶蛋白则相反。脱除球蛋白和谷蛋白使早籼米粉糊化后的冻融稳定性分别降低121%和56%。该研究工作为利用不同溶解性内源蛋白质提高早籼米粉制品品质提供了重要的参考依据。

Abstract: In order to improve the quality of early indica rice flour products by using endogenous proteins to regulate its physicochemical properties, this paper studied the effects of removing endogenous proteins with different solubility (albumin, globulin, prolamin and oryzenin) on the solubility, swelling capacity, and pasting properties of the early indica rice flour, as well as on its water binding state, rheological properties and freeze-thaw stability after pasting. The results showed that the removal of globulin and oryzenin could improve the solubility of the early indica rice flour, while the removal of prolamin and oryzenin could improve its swelling capacity under high temperature. The removal of albumin made the peak viscosity, final viscosity, breakdown value and setback value of the early indica rice flour decrease by 16%, 21%, 50% and 43%, respectively. The removal of globulin could increased its gelatinization temperature and decreased its peak viscosity, while the removal of prolamin was the opposite. The removal of oryzenin made its peak viscosity, and final viscosity decrease by 22% and 12%, respectively, as well as made its breakdown value and setback value increase by 49% and 53%, respectively. The removal of oryzenin made the weak bound water content of the early indica rice flour decrease by 14% after pasting. The removal of both globulin and oryzenin could increase its water binding strength after pasting, while the removal of prolamin was the opposite. The removal of prolamin made the solid-like state of the early indica rice flour enhance by 20% after pasting. The removal of both globulin and oryzenin could decrease its elasticity after pasting, while the removal of prolamin was the opposite. The removal of globulin and oryzenin made the freeze-thaw stability of the early indica rice flour decrease by 121% and 56%, respectively, after pasting. This study would provide an important reference for improving the quality of early indica rice flour products by using endogenous proteins with different solubility.