多功能光-磁复合纳米材料制备及其在柑橘农残检测中的应用

李泓霖; 郭婷; 周莹; 周鸿媛; 张宇昊; 廖洪波; 马良

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2023010098

多功能光-磁复合纳米材料制备及其在柑橘农残检测中的应用

Preparation of Multifunctional Optic-Magnetic Composite Nanomaterials and Its Application in Detection of Pesticide Residue in Citrus

摘要

摘要: 为构建一种稳定、结构可控的光-磁复合材料并将其用于农药残留检测当中，本实验采用高温溶剂热法制备上转换纳米材料（Upconversion Nanoparticles，UCNPs），研究温度、转速对UCNPs的影响，实现UCNPs的可控制备。采用反相微乳液法制备三种不同结构的多功能光-磁复合纳米材料，借助扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、振动样品磁强计（VSM）等方法研究多功能纳米材料的形貌、结构等性能。此外，利用此复合纳米材料研究柑橘中各类型农药的响应情况。实验结果表明，温度对UCNPs粒径大小起着决定性的作用。在不同结构的UCNPs-Fe₃O₄复合材料中，A结构（UCNPs材料粒径更大的卫星结构）的荧光特性更强；B结构（两种原材料粒径相近的交织结构）在室温下同时具有20.5 emu·g⁻¹的饱和磁化强度和较高的荧光强度，性能平衡；C结构（Fe₃O₄材料粒径更大的卫星结构）的磁性最佳。同时，该复合材料对柑橘中菊酯类农药、新烟碱类农药、氨基甲酸酯类农药、有机磷农药均有一定响应，对菊酯类农药的响应最强，可用于开发菊酯类农药生物传感器。本研究采用简单普适的合成方法，为其他复合材料合成研究提供一定的理论思路，该材料有较佳的光-磁特性和生物相容性，在药物递送、成像等领域都有较大的应用潜力。

Abstract: To construct a stable and structurally controllable optical-magnetic composite nanomaterials and use it in the detection of pesticide residues, the upconversion nanomaterials (UCNPs) were prepared by the high temperature solvothermal method in this work. The effects of temperature and rotational speed on UCNPs were investigated to achieve controllable preparation of UCNPs. Three kinds of multifunctional optic-magnetic composite nanomaterials with different structures were prepared by reversed-phase microemulsion method. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) etc. were utilized to investigate the morphology, structure etc. of multifunctional composites. Furthermore, the response of multifunctional optic-magnetic composite nanomaterials to various pesticides in citrus was studied. The experimental results showed that temperature played a decisive role in the size of UCNPs. In different structures of UCNPs-Fe₃O₄ composites, the stronger fluorescence of A-structure (the satellite structure of UCNPs material with larger particle size) was obtained. B-structure (an interweave structure with similar particle sizes of UCNPs and Fe₃O₄) had a saturation magnetization of 20.5 emu·g⁻¹ and high fluorescence intensity. C-structure (a satellite structure with larger particle size of Fe₃O₄ material) had best magnetic properties. Meanwhile, the multifunctional optic-magnetic composites had a certain response to pyrethroid pesticide, nicotine pesticide, carbamate pesticide and organophosphorus pesticide in citrus. Due to the strongest response to pyrethroid pesticide, they could be developed for the biosensor of pyrethroid pesticide. In this work, a simple and universal synthesis method was proposed to provide theoretical ideas for the synthesis of other composite materials. This material had a great application potential in drug delivery, imaging and other fields due to their good optic-magnetic properties and biocompatibility.