Abstract: Chia seed has a long edible history. In recent years, it has drew the attention of many researchers and has been applied in China. The active ingredients of Chia seed mainly include fatty acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, protein, dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals, which have physiological activities of anti-oxidation, regulating blood lipids, regulating blood pressure, regulating blood sugar, reducing creatine kinase and anti inflammatory disinfection. With the enhancement of people's awareness of health care and the pursuit of nutritious food, Chia seed has gradually become a hot topic in the field of food research. At present, most of Chia seed are directly added to the food as additives, without in-depth development of new products. It has a good effect in preventing cancer and regulating blood lipids, regulating blood pressure, regulating blood sugar. Few new products have been developed, and the relevant research needs to be deepened. The present review summarizes active ingredients, physiological action and function of Chia seed as well as its application in food, health products, and cosmetics industries. This review aims to provide reference for the research and development of Chia seed.