Abstract: Objective: To clarify the key physical and chemical indexes affecting the quality of rice, explore the relationship between sensory evaluation and physical and chemical test, and establish a simple and easy evaluation method of rice edible quality. Methods: Nine groups of rice were obtained from three representative rice under three cooking processes. Through cluster and correlation analysis, the key indexes affecting the edible quality of rice were selected, and then the comprehensive score formula was obtained by principal component analysis. Results: The indexes affecting the edible quality of rice were water, fat, hardness, adhesion, elasticity and recoverability. The comprehensive score formula was Z=0.42×water+0.0532×fat−0.0597×hardness−0.447×adhesion+0.266×elasticity+0.114×recoverability. The validation experiment showed that the best cooking method of Kanghong 1 was IH atmospheric cooking, and the best cooking method of Daohuaxiang and Jilin Xiaoting rice was direct heating atmospheric cooking. Conclusion: The principal component comprehensive score ranking of each sample was basically consistent with the sensory score ranking, would have a high matching degree, and could better predict the edible quality of rice.