马齿苋多不饱和脂肪酸成分分析及对HepG2细胞脂质堆积的影响

李冠文; 王辉敏; 杨金梅; 陈超; 张娜郡; 秦楠; 刘星

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021100232

马齿苋多不饱和脂肪酸成分分析及对HepG2细胞脂质堆积的影响

Composition Analysis of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Portulaca oleracea and Its Effect on Lipid Accumulation in HepG2 Cells

摘要

摘要: 目的：掌握马齿苋多不饱和脂肪酸（polyunsaturated fatty acids，PUFAs）各成分相对含量并探究马齿苋纯化油对HepG2细胞脂质堆积的影响程度。方法：采用气相色谱-质谱联用手段对马齿苋全草油以及纯化油的脂肪酸成分进行分析。利用MTT法测定不同马齿苋纯化油浓度对细胞存活率的影响并选定适宜浓度范围进行后续试验。通过油红O染色法判断油酸诱导建造的脂质堆积模型是否造模成功，并采用试剂盒测定方法明确低、中、高剂量组（即60、80、100 μg/mL）纯化油浓度对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein-cholesterol，HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low density lipoprotein-cholesterol，LDL-C）、总胆固醇（total cholesterol，TC）、甘油三酯（triglyceride，TG）水平的影响。结果：马齿苋全草中的PUFAs组成有三种：亚油酸、α-亚麻酸和γ-亚麻酸。马齿苋全草油中PUFAs相对含量为27.6104%，富集纯化后纯化油相对含量高达73.9015%。MTT法选定的纯化油浓度范围为60~100 μg/mL，且马齿苋纯化油高剂量组（100 μg/mL）与模型组相比，HDL-C浓度极显著升高，LDL-C、TC以及TG浓度均极显著降低（P<0.01）。结论：马齿苋纯化油中PUFAs相对含量较高基本达到纯化目的，马齿苋PUFAs对脂肪肝有较好的缓解效果，表现出较强的体外降脂能力。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the relative content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in Portulaca oleracea and the effect of Portulaca oleracea purified oil on lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Methods: The fatty acid composition of whole herb oil and purified oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. MTT method was used to determine the effect of different concentrations of Portulaca oleracea purified oil on cell viability and the suitable concentration range was selected for subsequent experiments. Oil red O staining was used to determine whether the oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation model was successfully established. The kit method was used to determine the effects of purified oil concentration on high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels in low, medium and high dose groups (60、80、100 μg/mL). Results: There were three kinds of PUFAs in Portulaca oleracea include linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid and γ-linolenic acid. The relative content of PUFAs in the whole herb oil of Portulaca oleracea was 27.6104%, and the relative content of purified oil after enrichment and purification was as high as 73.9015%. The concentration range of purified oil selected by MTT method was 60~100 μg/mL. Compared with the model group, the concentration of HDL-C in the high-dose group (100 μg/mL) of Portulaca oleracea purified oil was significantly increased, and the concentrations of LDL-C, TC and TG were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion: The relative content of PUFAs in purified oil of Portulaca oleracea was relatively high, which basically achieved the purpose of purification. PUFAs of Portulaca oleracea had good relief effect on fatty liver, showing strong lipid-lowering ability in vitro.