Abstract: Recently, the hulless barley has drawn wide attention due to its abundant nutritional composition and unique biological activities. Resistant starch, lunasin polypeptide, unique fatty acid and non-starch polysaccharide composition and rich phenolic substances make hulless barley have good development potential in anti-cancer, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and other aspects. However, the low degree of processing and utilization and the rare of high value-added products hinder the development of the hulless barley industry. The components, biological activities, processing and utilization technology and high-value products of hulless barley are summarized in this paper to provide support for promoting the research and sustainable industry development of hulless barley.