Abstract: Seabuckthorn fruit oil is rich for bioactive substances, mainly including unsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, steroids and tocopherols, which has specific health functions and been widely used in medicine, food and cosmetics. This paper mainly introduces the five extraction processes of seabuckthorn fruit oil, which are organic solvent extraction, squeezing and centrifugation, enzymatic extraction, supercritical CO₂ extraction, and ultrasonic assisted method. The oil yield, advantages and disadvantages of different extraction processes of seabuckthorn fruit oil are compared. The functional components, health function and the development and utilization in various fields of sea buckthorn fruit oil are summarized. The paper provides theoretical basis for the development of seabuckthorn fruit oil industry.