Abstract: Synbiotics are microbial preparations composed of probiotics and prebiotics, which can play the role of probiotics and prebiotics at the same time. Synbiotics play a probiotic function, and the intestine is the target location for the intestine to play a probiotic function. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is the most important members of probiotics in the intestinal tract. LAB is the most widely used probiotic component for both commercial production and basic research. This paper focuses on the mechanism of complementary and synergistic synbiotics and research progress, probiotics and prebiotic components commonly used in LAB synbiotics, and the application of LAB synbiotics in adjusting the structure of intestinal flora, improving the level of immunity, anti-tumor and anti-postoperative infection. This article provides a theoretical basis for the in-depth research and application of the follow-up LAB synbiotics.