Abstract: China is one of the main producing areas of Ginkgo biloba, which resources are quite rich. Its edible and medicinal values are also huge. To make more accurate use of Ginkgo biloba resources with the characteristic of "homology of medicine and food" for further development, it is necessary to master their chemical compositions and efficacy clearly. Thus, the chemical compositions of Ginkgo biloba leaves, flowers, fruits and trees are systematically introduced and analyzed in this paper. In addition, the specific functional activities of the related components of Ginkgo biloba are described in detail. It aims to provide valuable references for the accurate utilization of Ginkgo biloba resources in the fields of food, medicine, health care and feed.