滇橄榄果渣膳食纤维的提取及其体外吸附性能研究

吴婧; 刘祚祚; 吴杰; 罗秋君; 姜燕

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021040269

滇橄榄果渣膳食纤维的提取及其体外吸附性能研究

Extraction and in Vitro Adsorption Properties of Dietary Fiber from Phyllanthus emblica Linn. Pomace

摘要

摘要: 本文以滇橄榄果渣为原料，优化其膳食纤维的碱法提取工艺，同时探讨了滇橄榄果渣、总膳食纤维（total dietary fiber，TDF）、水不溶性膳食纤维（insoluble dietary fiber，IDF）及水溶性膳食纤维（soluble dietary fiber，SDF）的理化性质及其体外吸附能力。结果表明：碱法提取滇橄榄果渣膳食纤维的最优工艺为：NaOH浓度为8 g/L，料液比为1:35（g:mL），70 ℃处理40 min，IDF和SDF的得率分别为61.72%±0.04%、17.57%±0.03%。滇橄榄果渣及其膳食纤维均具有较好的水化特性和持油力，TDF的持水力最低但膨胀力最高，与滇橄榄果渣、SDF和IDF存在显著性差异（P<0.05）；SDF的持油力、膨胀力和对脂肪的吸附能力均较低，但在模拟胃环境（pH2）的条件下对胆固醇和NO₂⁻的吸附能力均高于滇橄榄果渣、TDF和IDF，且存在显著性差异（P<0.05）。滇橄榄果渣及其膳食纤维对胆固醇和NO₂⁻的吸附与pH有关，TDF和SDF在模拟胃环境的条件下对胆固醇的吸附能力强于模拟小肠环境，滇橄榄果渣和IDF则相反；四个样品在模拟胃环境的条件下对NO₂⁻的吸附能力均强于模拟小肠环境。本文对滇橄榄果渣膳食纤维的提取及性能研究，可为其在保健食品中的应用提供一定的理论参考。

Abstract: An investigation was carried out to optimize the extraction process of dietary fiber from Phyllanthus emblica Linn. pomace, and the physicochemical properties and in vitro adsorption capacity of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. pomace, total dietary fiber (TDF), insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), and soluble dietary fiber (SDF) were investigated. The results showed that the optimal extraction process using alkali method was: Concentration of NaOH 8 g/L, material-to-liquid ratio of 1:35 (g:mL), treatment at 70 °C for 40 min, and the yield of IDF and SDF were 61.72%±0.04% and 17.57%±0.03%, respectively. Phyllanthus emblica Linn. pomace and its dietary fiber both had good hydration properties and oil-holding capacity. TDF had the lowest water holding and the highest swelling capacity significantly different from Phyllanthus emblica Linn. pomace, SDF and IDF (P<0.05). SDF had lowly capacity to oil-holding, swelling and fat, however under simulated stomach (pH2) which had the higher adsorption capacity for cholesterol and NO₂^- than Phyllanthus emblica Linn. pomace, TDF and IDF (P<0.05). The adsorption capacity of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. pomace and its dietary fiber on cholesterol and NO₂⁻ was related with pH in vitro. The cholesterol adsorption capacity of TDF and SDF were higher under simulating stomach pH, while the adsorption capacity of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. pomace and IDF on cholesterol were higher under simulating small intestine. The Phyllanthus emblica Linn. pomace and its dietary fiber had higher adsorption capacity on NO₂⁻ under stomach pH than simulated small intestinal pH. This paper studied the extraction and properties of dietary fiber from Phyllanthus emblica Linn. pomace, which could provide some theoretical reference for its application in health food.