Abstract: In order to clarify the basic composition and nutritional value of hemp seed protein, with soybean protein as the reference, the protein content, mineral elements, amino acid composition and protein nutritional value (such as essential amino acid ratio, amino acid ratio factor, amino acid ratio score, amino acid score, chemical score, essential amino acid index, nutrition index, predicted biological price) were evaluated and compared, providing data reference for the development and application of hemp seed protein. The results showed that the potassium-sodium ratio of defatted hemp seed meal was 7.5 times higher than that of soybeans, and the content of Cu, Fe, P, Zn, Mg and Mn was higher than that of soybeans. The protein content of defatted soybean meal and defatted hemp seed meal was 40.23% and 62.61%, respectively, and the total amino acid content was 1065.67 mg/g protein and 1174.58 mg/g protein, respectively, and the essential amino acid content was 40.02% and 41.68%, respectively. At the same time, the essential amino acid index of hemp seed protein was 106.23, the nutrition index was 66.50, and the predicted biological price was 104.72, and the nutritional value was closer to the ideal protein model. It can be seen that the nutritional value of defatted hemp seed meal is comparable to that of defatted soybean meal, which can be used as a new type of plant protein resources for the development and application of industry.