黄金茶挥发油提取工艺优化、成分分析及抗氧化研究

万敏; 姚于飞; 付王威; 吴睿婷; 游慧婷; 景智; 李文娟

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2020090307

黄金茶挥发油提取工艺优化、成分分析及抗氧化研究

Extraction Process Optimization, Composition Analysis of Essential Oil from Chimonanthus nitens Oliv and Its Antioxidant Activity

摘要

摘要: 目的：优选黄金茶挥发油提取的最佳工艺，并对黄金茶挥发油进行成分分析、抗氧化研究。方法：通过正交试验设计优化微波辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油工艺；通过气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析黄金茶挥发油的化学成分；以DPPH自由基、还原力和金属离子螯合能力为指标评价黄金茶挥发油的体外抗氧化能力。结果：微波辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取黄金茶挥发油的最优工艺为微波时间10 min，料液比1: 25 g/mL，水蒸气蒸馏时间5 h，在此条件下提取黄金茶挥发油得率为1.7792%。黄金茶挥发油中鉴定出21种化学物质，其中成分主要为酯类和萜类化合物，（1-甲基-4-丙-1-烯-2-基环己基）乙酸酯的含量达到50.67%，其次是α-蒎烯（6.92%）、α-乙酸松油酯（5.77%）、环氧化蛇麻烯II（3.96%）、伪柠檬烯（3.21%）、右旋大根香叶烯（3.12%）等。抗氧化实验显示黄金茶挥发油具有抗氧化作用，清除DPPH自由基的IC₅₀为81.6 mg/mL，在10 mg/mL时与阳性对照BHT还原力接近，对金属离子螯合能力的半数抑制浓度为17.16 mg /mL。结论：本文采用微波辅助水蒸气蒸馏法对黄金茶挥发油的提取条件进行了优化，通过GC-MS分析了黄金茶挥发油的成分，并证实该挥发油具有抗氧化作用。

Abstract: Objective: The present study aimed to optimize the extraction process and evaluate the constituents, antioxidant properties of essential oil from Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. Methods: The microwave-assisted steam distillation extraction of essential oil from Chimonanthus nitens Oliv was optimized by orthogonal design, and the extraction rate of the essential oil from Chimonanthus nitens Oliv was employed as the index to evaluate the optimum process. Subsequently, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was applied to determine the chemical components of the essential oil of Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. In addition, the antioxidant activity of the essential oil was evaluated by taking 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, reducing power and chelating ability of metal ions as indicators. Results: The optimal extraction extraction conditions were microwave time 10 min, ratio of material to liquid 1:25 g/mL, steam distillation time 5 h. In this contions, the extraction rate of the essential oil from Chimonanthus nitens Oliv was 1.7792%. Furthermore, a total of 21 chemical compounds were identified in the essential oil of Chimonanthus nitens Oliv, which contained lipids and terpenoid, among them, (1-methyl-4-propyl-1-ene-2-cyclohexyl) acetate was 50.67%, followed by α-pinene (6.92%), α-terpinyl acetate (5.77%), humulene epoxide II (3.96%), pseudolimonen (3.21%) and germacrene D (3.12%). Moreover, antioxidant activity analysis indicated that the essential oil from Chimonanthus nitens Oliv possessed certain antioxidant activity. Briefly, the IC₅₀ of the essential oil ivolved in the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, was 81.6 mg/mL. Furthermore, the reduction force of the essential oil could be achieved to the level of the positive control group, when its concentration was 10 mg/mL, and the half inhibition concentration of the chelating ability of metal ions was 17.16 mg/mL. Conclusion: In this paper, the microwave-assisted steam distillation extraction of essential oil from Chimonanthus nitens Oliv was optimized, the chemical components of the essential oil of Chimonanthus nitens Oliv was analyzed by GC-MS, and its antioxidant activity was demonstrated in this work.