Abstract: Objective: To explore the effects of Astragalus on alkaline phosphatase, bacterial endotoxin and serum inflammatory factors in type 2 diabetes rats. Methods: A high-sugar and high-fat diet + intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin was used to establish a type 2 diabetes model. The rats were continuously administered Astragalus aqueous solution (0.25, 0.5 g/kg) and measureed the changes in body mass, blood sugar, the activity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) in feces and the changes in bacterial endotoxin (LPS) concentration. MSD multi-factor method was used to detect serum inflammatory factors (Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), Interleukin-1 (IL-1β), Interleukin-4 (IL-4), Interleukin-5 (IL-5), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-13 (IL-13) growth regulatory oncogene α (KC/GRO)) concentration changes. Results: Compared with the model group, the fasting blood glucose concentration in the Astragalus dose group was significantly reduced (P<0.05), the IAP activity was significantly increased (P<0.05), the LPS concentration was significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the concentration of serum pro-inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-1β were significantly reduced (P<0.05), while the concentration of anti-inflammatory factors IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 increased significantly (P<0.05), the concentration of chemokine KC/GRO decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Astragalus could promote the activity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase and effectively regulate blood sugar and inflammation in T2DM mice.