柳叶蜡梅醇提物对大黄鱼生长、肌肉品质及肠道形态的影响

邹永; 魏日凤; 黄伟卿; 周逢芳; 林珊; 郑世仲; 江胜滔; 李东东; 刘伟

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2020050157

柳叶蜡梅醇提物对大黄鱼生长、肌肉品质及肠道形态的影响

Effects of Chimonanthus salicifolius Aleoholic Extracts on Growth, Muscle Quality and Intestinal Morphology of Larimichthys crocea

摘要

摘要: 目的：研究柳叶蜡梅醇提物对大黄鱼生长性能、肌肉品质和肠道形态的影响。方法：选取体质健康、平均体质量为10.31±2.88 g的大黄鱼500尾。各组分别在基础饲料中添加浓度为0、0.5%、1.0%、2.0%、4.0%的柳叶蜡梅醇提物，设为L-0（设为对照组）、L-0.5、L-1、L-2、L-4组。试验周期为8周。试验考察了大黄鱼的生长性能，肌肉质构、pH、系水力、肌纤维结构及肠道形态等指标。结果：在生长性能方面，与L-0相比，L-0.5、L-1、L-2、L-4组均能够显著提高大黄鱼的存活率（P<0.05）；柳叶蜡梅醇提物能改善大黄鱼肌肉品质和肌纤维结构。其中L-4效果最好，与L-0相比，其肌肉硬度、胶粘性、内聚力、咀嚼性和肌纤维密度均显著提高（P<0.05），失水率、冷冻渗出率、pH下降率、肌纤维直径则显著降低（P<0.05）；在肠道形态方面，与L-0相比，L-2、L-4组均显著提高了肠道绒毛长度和绒毛长度与隐窝深度之比（P<0.05），并降低了隐窝深度（P<0.05）；相关性分析表明，柳叶蜡梅醇提物的浓度与大黄鱼肌纤维直径呈极显著（P<0.01）负相关关系；与鱼肠道绒毛长度呈极显著（P<0.01）正相关关系。同时，进一步分析发现大黄鱼肌纤维直径又与肌肉硬度、内聚力、胶粘性和咀嚼性呈显著（P<0.05）负相关关系；且内聚力与绒毛长度呈显著（P<0.05）正相关关系。结论：添加4%柳叶蜡梅醇提物的饲料能改善大黄鱼肌肉品质和肠道形态，其机理可能是由于柳叶蜡梅醇提物改善了大黄鱼消化道形态，促进营养物质吸收的同时，改善肌纤维形态，进而促进肌肉品质的改善。

Abstract: Objective:To study the effects of Chimonanthus salicifolius aleoholic extracts on growth,muscle quality and intesinal morphology of Larimichthys crocea.The growth performance,muscle texture,pH,water holding capacity,muscle quality and intestinal morphology of Larimichthys crocea were investigated. Methods:A total of 500 health Larimichthys crocea with an body weight about 10.31±2.88 g were randomly divided into 5 groups. The fish in the 5 groups were fed with the basal diets supplemented Chimonanthus salicifolius aleoholic extract at the concentrations of 0(control group),0.5%(L-0.5),1.0%(L-1),2.0%(L-2),4.0%(L-4),respectively. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. Results:Compared with the control group,the survival rate of Larimichthys crocea in each experimental group was significantly improved(P<0.05). Chimonanthus salicifolius aleoholic extracts improved the muscle quality and muscle fiber structure of Larimichthys crocea. Compared with the control group,L-4 group significantly increased the muscle hardness,adhesiveness,cohesion,mastication and muscle fiber density(P<0.05)and significantly reduced the fiber diameter(P<0.05). L-2 and L-4 groups significantly increased intestinal villi length and the ratio of the villi length to the crypt depth(P<0.05)and decreased the crypt depth(P<0.05)compared with the control group. In the correlation analysis,the concentration of Chimonanthus salicifolius aleoholic extracts was negatively correlated with muscle fiber diameter and positively correlated with villus length of Larimichthys crocea. Hardness,cohesion,adhesiveness,and mastication were negatively correlated with muscle fiber diameter. Cohesion was positively correlated with villus length. Conclusion:The muscle quality and intestinal morphology of Larimichthys crocea could be improved by adding the 4% aleoholic extract into fodder. The mechanism were related to Chimonanthus salicifolius aleoholic extracts improving the digestive tract morphology,promoting the absorption of nutrients,improving the muscle fiber morphology and promoting the improvement of muscle quality of Larimichthys crocea.