Abstract: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)is a new type of rapid detection technology. By enhancing the substrate,it can sensitively detect the molecular fingerprint information of a compound,so as to clearly resolve its characteristic chemical structure. It has the advantages of simple sample preparation,fast detection speed,high sensitivity,rich spectral information and easy operation. It has great application value in the field of food-borne mycotoxin detection. This article introduces the development history,enhancement mechanism,substrate classification and detection mode of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,it summarizes the latest research progress in the rapid detection of mycotoxins in food in the past 5 years,and puts forward the problems and development trends that need to be solved urgently,aiming to provide assistance for the research and development of SERS technology in the future.