Abstract: Structured lipids are a modified product of natural oil. Because of their special physiological functions and nutritional value such as rapid energy supply,lower serum cholesterol levels,and obesity relief,they are widely used in food processing,clinical nutrition,medicine and other fields. This paper reviewed the concept and synthesis methods of structured lipids,and introduces the separation and purification methods of structured lipids(low-temperature solvent crystallization,column chromatography,supercritical CO₂ extraction,urea inclusion,molecular distillation)and metabolism character,and the physiological functions of structured lipids include anti-obesity,lowering blood lipids,improving insulin resistance,etc. The prospects for the research and development of structured lipids are prospected in order to provide references for further research on the efficient synthesis and industrial production of structured lipids.