基于阿胶枣质构品质提升的热风干燥工艺研究
Hot Air Drying Process Based on Improvement of Texture Quality of Colla Corii Asini Jujube
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摘要: 为提升工业化生产阿胶枣产品的质构均一性,本研究以鲜枣为原料,经糖煮、干燥制得阿胶枣,以水分活度、硬度、胶粘性、感官评价为评价指标,设计实验模拟车间干燥设备受热并进行重新分布。采用单因素实验和双因素方差分析相结合的方法研究不同热风干燥工艺条件对阿胶枣的质构的影响,并对最佳工艺下制得阿胶枣进行理化及微生物检验。结果表明:在干燥温度100 ℃、干燥时间为275 min、干燥进程138 min时进行1次受热重新分布,此条件下获得的阿胶枣品质均一性较佳,成品阿胶枣的水分活度为0.63,硬度为2500.07 g,胶粘性为967.72 g·sec,阿胶枣质构均一性显著提高,感官测评反馈良好,且产品在储藏期内能够维持良好品质,同时符合国家食品安全理化和微生物标准。本研究结果为阿胶枣及类似蜜饯类食品加工工艺参数选择和产品质构品质控制提供参考。Abstract: In order to improve the overall quality of Colla Corii Asini jujube products, a single factor and two-factor hot-air drying, as well as a heat re-distribution experiment were designed to improve the texture homogeneity of Colla Corii Asini jujube. Fresh jujube was used to prepare Colla Corii Asini jujube by sugar boiling and drying. Together with sensory evaluation, the water activity, hardness, and stickiness were measured to investigate the quality improvement of Colla Corii Asini jujube. An accelerated shelf-life storage microbial and texture test were carried out on the Colla Corii Asini jujube produced under the optimum process. The results showed that the quality of Colla Corii Asini jujube was the best when the drying temperature was 100℃, the drying time was 275 min, with a heat re-distribution operation at the middle of the drying. Under such condition, the water activity of Colla Corii Asini jujube was 0.63, the hardness was 2500.07 g, the stickiness was 967.72 g·sec, the sensory feedback was satisfactory and the texture uniformity of Colla Corii Asini jujube was significantly improved. During the storage period, the Colla Corii Asini jujube products maintained good quality and met the Chinese national microbial standard of food safety. This study would provide a feasible way for the processing of high quality Colla Corii Asini jujube and similar food products.