Abstract: Objective:To screen the effective extraction sites of Amygdalus mongolica against rat renal fibrosis. Methods:The petroleum ether extract,ethyl acetate extract,n-butanol extract,and water extracts of Amygdalus mongolicas were prepared by extraction method. 70 rats were randomly grouped,which were sham-operated group,model group,positive drug group(benazepril),petroleum ether extract treatment group petroleum ether group,ethyl acetate extract treatment group,n-butanol extract treatment group and water part treatment group. Unilateral ureteral obstruction was used to prepare the model. Except for the unilateral ureter without ligation in the sham-operated group,and the other groups were unilateral ureteral ligation. The different polar extracts parts of Amygdalus mongolica were administered at a dose of 1.5 g/kg rat body weight. The rats were sacrificed at 21 days after administration,and the indicators related to renal fibrosis were measured. Results:Compared with the model group,n-butanol extract of Amygdalus mongolica could significantly increase the urine volume of rats for 24 h(P<0.05),petroleum ether extract and n-butanol extract could significantly reduce the renal coefficient of rats,the difference was significant(P<0.05).Petroleum ether extract and n-butanol extract could enhance the activity of SOD in kidney tissue and serum,reduce the level of MDA in tissue and serum,and reduce the level of HYP in tissue,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).Petroleum ether extract and n-butanol extract could reduce the levels of creatinine,urea nitrogen and albumin in serum. Conclusion:The petroleum ether fraction and n-butanol fraction of Amygdalus mongolica are screened as effective component for anti-renal fibrosis.