Abstract: A method for detecting cadmium in rice based on energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(EDXRF)was established. The rice was pretreated,and the five parameters of rice particle size,detection time,tableting pressure,water content and rice quality were optimized,and academic evaluation was carried out in terms of precision,repeatability,stability and spike recovery. The results showed that the optimal conditions were:Rice with a diameter of 140 mesh,detection time of 180 s,compression at 40 MPa for 30 s,water content<5%,and rice mass 5 g. The relative standard deviations of precision,reproducibility and stability of EDXRF method were 0.11%,0.05% and 0.45%,respectively. The average spike recovery was 114.8%. When the spiked amount was 0.1~0.5 mg/kg,the correlation was related. The coefficient was 0.9982.Finally,the results of EDXRF and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry were compared. The correlation was very good and the correlation coefficient reached 0.9814.It indicates us that the newly established EDXRF method can meet the requirements of fast detection.