茶籽皂苷调节高脂血症大鼠血脂的功效研究

林玲; 刘芷君; 曾文治; 雷郑延; 林全女; 程福建; 杨江帆

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2020.07.046

茶籽皂苷调节高脂血症大鼠血脂的功效研究

Study on the Effect of Tea Seed Saponin on Regulating Blood Lipid in Hyperlipidemia Rats

摘要

摘要: 目的:研究茶籽皂苷调节高脂血症大鼠血脂的功效。方法:60只雄性Wistar大鼠适应性喂养1周后随机分为10只正常组(C组)和50只造模组。C组饲喂基础饲料,造模组饲喂高脂饲料。造模成功后,将造模组大鼠按体重随机分为模型对照组(H组)、阳性对照组(P组)、茶籽皂苷高、中、低剂量组(TSH组、TSM组、TSL组),并进行灌胃。干预4周后,检测其脂质代谢、肝功能、抗氧化能力等情况,计算动脉粥样硬化指数(atherosclerosis index,AI指数)、肝脏指数,结合病理切片观察脂肪变性程度。结果:与C组相比,H组的体重、肝脏指数、血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、AI指数、谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)和谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)极显著提升(P<0.01),血清总甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)显著升高(P<0.05),血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)极显著降低(P<0.01),肝脏出现明显的脂肪变性特征。与H组相比,TSH组的体重、肝脏指数、AI指数、血清TC、TG极显著降低(P<0.01),HDL-C极显著升高(P<0.01),ALT与AST显著下降(P<0.05),肝脏脂肪变性的程度明显改善,SOD显著提高(P<0.05),MDA极显著下降(P<0.01);TSM组的体重、血清TG显著降低(P<0.05),肝脏指数、血清TC、AI指数、MDA极显著下降(P<0.01),HDL-C、SOD显著升高(P<0.05),肝脏脂肪变性的程度改善;TSL组的体重、肝脏指数、MDA没有显著性差异,血清TC极显著降低(P<0.01),TG、AI指数显著降低(P<0.05),HDL-C、SOD显著升高(P<0.05),肝脏脂肪变性的程度改善。结论:茶籽皂苷可以调节高脂血症模型大鼠血脂水平和肝功能状况,提高其抗氧化能力,这也为其在降脂医药、保健食物上的应用巩固了理论基础。

Abstract: Objective:To study the effect of tea seed saponin on regulating blood lipid in hyperlipidemia rats.Methods:Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 10 normal groups(group C)and 50 model groups after one week of adaptive feeding.Group C was fed with basic diet and the model was fed with high fat diet.After successful modeling,the model rats were randomly divided into model control group(group H),positive control group(group P),tea seed saponin high,medium and low dose groups(group TSH,group TSM,group TSL),and were intragastrically administered. After 4 weeks of intervention,the lipid metabolism,liver function,and antioxidant capacity were measured. The AI index and liver index were calculated,and the degree of steatosis was observed by pathological section.Results:Compared with group C,the body weight,liver index,AI index,serum TC,MDA,AST and ALT were significantly increased(P<0.01),and serum TG and LDL-C were significantly increased(P<0.05),the serum HDL-C,SOD was significantly reduced(P<0.01),the liver showed obvious fatty degeneration characteristics.Compared with group H,in TSH group,the body weight,liver index,AI index,serum TC,TG were significantly lower(P<0.01),HDL-C was significantly increased(P<0.01),and ALT and AST were significantly decreased(P<0.01). <0.05),the degree of hepatic steatosis was significantly improved,SOD was significantly increased(P<0.05),MDA was significantly decreased(P<0.01).In TSM group,the body weight and serum TG were significantly decreased(P<0.05),liver index,serum TC,AI index,MDA decreased significantly(P<0.01),HDL-C and SOD increased significantly(P<0.05),and the degree of hepatic steatosis improved. There was no significant difference in the body weight,liver index and MDA in TSL group. Serum TC was significantly decreased(P<0.01),TG and AI index were significantly decreased(P<0.05),HDL-C and SOD were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the degree of hepatic steatosis was improved.Conclusion:Tea seed saponin can regulate the blood lipid level and liver function of rats with hyperlipidemia and improve its antioxidant capacity,which also consolidates the theoretical basis for its application in lipid-lowering medicine and health food.