化学法提取红树莓果渣可溶性膳食纤维的工艺优化
Optimization of Extraction Process of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Raspberry Pomaces by Chemical Method
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摘要: 为研究红树莓果渣化学法提取可溶性膳食纤维(Soluble Dietary Fiber,SDF)最佳工艺,本实验分别使用酸法和碱法两种化学方法提取红树莓果渣中的可溶性膳食纤维,研究提取温度、提取时间、提取剂浓度(盐酸或氢氧化钠)和液料比4个影响因素对红树莓果渣SDF得率的影响,分别测定酸法和碱法SDF提取物的纯度,初步判断较优的化学提取方法,进而采用Box-Behnken 4因素3水平响应面组合对其进行优化。结果表明,单因素实验中碱法和酸法工艺条件下的平均得率分别是21.45%±2.3%和3.39%±0.68%,平均纯度分别为73.84%和76.17%,碱法SDF提取效果明显优于酸法;响应面法得到的碱法最佳提取工艺参数为:提取温度40℃,提取时间62 min,氢氧化钠浓度8.13 g/L,液料比25:1(mL/g),在此工艺条件下SDF平均得率高达24.03%±1.01%。因此,酸法和碱法均可用于红树莓果渣SDF的提取,但碱法提取效果明显优于酸法;通过响应面法获得的最佳碱法提取工艺可为红树莓果渣SDF的提取提供理论参考。Abstract: The aim of this paper was to find the best chemical method to extract the soluble dietary fiber(SDF)from raspberry pomaces. Raspberry pomace SDF was extracted by acid and alkali methods,the effects of temperature,time,concentration of extractant(HCl or NaOH),and liquid-solid ratio on SDF extraction were studied,and the purity of SDF extract was determined. The purity of SDF extracts was determined by acid and alkali methods respectively,and the optimum chemical extraction method was preliminarily judged. Then Box-Behnken 4-factor 3-level response surface combination was used to optimize the extraction process. The results showed that the extraction rate of alkaline process was obviously higher than acid process,the yields of alkali and acid methods were 21.45%±2.3% and 3.39%±0.68% respectively,and the purity of SDF 73.84% and 76.17%,thus,alkaline process was better than acid process. The results of Box-Behnken of response surface experiment showed that the best alkaline extraction condition was 40℃,62 min,8.13 g/L NaOH and 25:1 liquid-solid ratio,and yield of SDF was 24.03%±1.01%. Overall,acid and alkaline process could be used to extract SDF from raspberry pomaces,but alkaline process was better;The best alkaline extraction condition acquired from Box-Behnken of response surface experiment could provide certain theoretical basis for rationalizing the by-products process of red raspberry.
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