Abstract: Allium is a homologue of medicines and foods, which contains a variety of biologically active substances, and has various efficacay. In recent years, it has received extensive attention from scholars domestic and international. In this paper, the research progress on the extraction technology, efficacy, development and application status of major bioactive substances in common Allium plants is reviewed, and the future development prospects are proposed. This paper provides a reference for the in-depth study and comprehensive utilization of Allium resources and the development of high value-added products.