Abstract: Pickering emulsification of commercially available palm oil(melting point:5 ℃)was carried out using a 1% nanocrystalline cellulose(NCC)aqueous dispersion derived from cotton linters(aqueous phase:oil phase=7:3,v:v),and the effect of NCC prepared by different acid hydrolysis time on emulsification performance was investigated. The in vitro digestion behavior in terms of free fatty acid release was estimated. The results showed that,NCC prepared with acid hydrolysis time of 3.0 h was optimal for Pickering emulsion,and the distribution of the particle size of NCC Pickering emulsions ranged from 1 to 10 μm. The results of in vitro digestion test showed that,the higher the NCC content in emulsion,the higher levels of free fatty acids released,and 1% NCC emulsion in the simulated intestinal fluid(SIF)for 2 h showed a free fatty acid release of 830 μmol/L,480 μmol/L of the palmoil control group under the same conditions,suggesting the benefit of NCC for fat digestion. Pickering emulsion stabilized by NCC provided the potential to carry and deliver functional fatty acids and fat-soluble bioactives for human nutrition.