Abstract: The Tremella fuciformis mesocarps of the two cultivation methods of the substitute and the wood were extracted by basic extraction,and the difference of the properties of the two methods of Tremella fuciformis was compared by measuring the monosaccharide composition of the polysaccharide and the antioxidant activity in vitro. The results showed that the protein residues in the polysaccharides from Tremella fuciformis of wood and the substitute were 2.65±0.05 mg/mL and 0.45±0.06 mg/mL,respectively. The monosaccharides of both Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides were composed of mannose,glucose,xylose and glucuronic acid. And the mass ratio of glucose in the polysaccharides of two methods of Tremella fuciformis was 13.62:2.43.It was showed that the anti-oxidation ability of different Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides was lower than that of vitamin C. When the DPPH scavenging rate of the two Tremella fuciformis tended to be stable,the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of the Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide was 3% higher than that of the substitute Tremella fuciformis. The rate of scavenging hydroxyl radicals of substituted Tremella fuciformis was 0.25% higher than that of the wood Tremella fuciformis.