HS/SPME-GC/MS法研究大菱鲆和南美白对虾冷藏中的典型TVB N组分变化规律

晁晴晴; 周贺彩; 曹立民; 林洪; 隋建新

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2018.20.042

HS/SPME-GC/MS法研究大菱鲆和南美白对虾冷藏中的典型TVB N组分变化规律

Dynamic Changes of Tropical TVB-N Components in Refrigerated Scophthalmus maximus and Penaeus vannamei on HS/SPME-GC/MS Analysis

摘要

摘要: 为研究不同水产品的典型挥发性盐基氮(total volatile basic nitrogen,TVB-N)组分在贮藏过程中的变化规律,本文首先优化顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用(head space/solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography/massspectrometer,HS/SPME-GC/MS)技术的萃取条件,然后探究大菱鲆和南美白对虾4℃冷藏过程中氨(ammonia,NH₃)、甲胺(methylamine,MA)、二甲胺(dimethylamine,DMA)和三甲胺(trimethylamine,TMA)等典型TVB-N组分的含量变化。结果表明:采用85 μm碳分子筛/聚二甲基硅烷(Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane,CAR/PDMS)萃取纤维,40℃萃取5 min,四种挥发性胺类物质的萃取效果最好,且四种物质一定范围内均呈良好的线性关系(R² > 0.999),四种组分的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.21%~5.64%,大菱鲆的平均回收率为86.20%~98.60%,南美白对虾的平均回收率为78.27%~108.78%,方法检测限为0.1~1 mg/100 mg,仪器检测限为0.003~0.029 mg/100 mg,该方法简便快捷,稳定性好且灵敏度高,可用于水产品主要挥发性胺类物质的检测。实际样品检测表明,大菱鲆和南美白对虾在冷藏过程中均未检测出MA和DMA;大菱鲆在冷藏过程中TMA含量在第7 d显著增长(p < 0.05),第13 d TMA含量达到23.94 mg/100 g。南美白对虾冷藏过程中NH₃含量变化显著(p < 0.05),第6 d达到39.59 mg/100 g。本研究结果为更加准确、深入地了解不同水产品冷藏过程中TVB-N组分的华体会（中国）变化及其对品质的影响提供了新的参考和依据。

Abstract: In order to study the dynamic changes of tropical TVB-N components in different aquatic product, the head/space solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (HS/SPME-GC/MS) was developed for the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) components firstly, then dynamic changes of the four TVB-N components in Scophthalmus maximus and Penaeus vannamei during 4℃ storage were determined. Extracting with 85 μm Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) fiber at 40℃ for 5 mins, ammonia (NH₃), methylamine (MA), dimethylamine (DMA) and trimethylamine (TMA) were demonstrated satisfactory analytical efficiency:a good linear relationship was observed (R² > 0.999) within a certain range, the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 2.21%~5.64%, the average recovery ratio of Scophthalmus maximus was 86.20%~98.60% and of Penaeus vannamei was 78.27%~108.78%, the method detection limit was 0.1~1 mg/100 mg and the instrument detection limit was 0.003~0.029 mg/100 mg. In compassion to other methods, it was demonstrated more simple, rapid and accurate.MA and DMA were not detected in Scophthalmus maximus and Penaeus vannamei. In Scophthalmus maximus, the content of TMA changed significantly (p < 0.05) on the seventh day, and reached 23.94 mg/100 g on the thirteenth day. In Penaeus vannamei, the content of NH₃ changed significantly (p < 0.05), and reached 39.59 mg/100 g on the sixth day. These results could help further understand the dynamic changes of TVB-N components and their relation with the quality of different aquatic products during refrigerated storage.