Abstract: To solve the problem of pesticide residues in apple juice exceeding the standard, a confocal microscopic Raman spectrometer was used to study the rapid determination of deltamethrin residues in apple juice.Using ethanol solution (control) and apple juice as background solution, the Raman spectra and Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) spectra of samples containing pesticides (deltamethrin) were collected by Raman scattering and SERS, respectively.Then, the first-order derivative and Norris derivative method was employed to preprocess the spectra, and the partial least squares method was used to establish the quantitative analysis model of the deltamethrin residues in the two background solution.The results showed that correlation coefficient of the calibration set of the Raman spectra quantitative analysis model in ethanol solution could reach 0.9634, while the correlation coefficient of the model calibration set model which adopted the SERS method could reach 0.9995.The maximum error was within 0.1 mg/kg.The results showed that the correlation coefficient of Raman spectra of deltamethrin sample in apple juice was 0.9355, and the maximum error was within 0.2 mg/kg.The correlation coefficient of the model calibration set of the SERS method was 0.9870, and the maximum error was within 0.1 mg/kg. The results showed that Raman spectroscopy was feasible for rapid detection of pesticide residues in apple juice.