Abstract: In recent years gut microbiotas are getting more and more attention. They are not only large in quantity,but also closely related to the host health. Disorders of microbial balance in the gut can lead to obesity,inflammation,insulin resistance and even psychiatric diseases. Polyphenols are important plant source functional components. Many researchers have shown that polyphenols can improve the ecological balance of gut microbiota and ameliorate their structure and composition. Based on studying domestic and overseas studies,this paper summarized the polyphenol effects on gut microbiota. And three polyphenol sensitive microbes(Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus and Akkermansia muciniphila)were found,and they have the potential to be marker microbes of polyphenols. It is hoped that this paper will provide new visions for the study of polyphenol effects on gut microbiota.