Abstract: In this paper, Açaí freeze-dried powder was used as the raw material, oil yield as the index for investigation, the effects of extraction pressure, extraction temperature, extraction time were investigated by single-factor experiments, and Supercritical CO₂ fluid extraction process of Açaí oil was optimized by orthogonal design. The composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:extraction pressure was 25 MPa, extraction temperature was 40℃, extraction time was 90 min, and the extraction rate of Açaí oil was 54.871%. Under these conditions, 34 compounds were isolated and identified, and the higher content was palmitic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid.The relative content were 44.607%, 19.028%, 14.328%, 6.702%, 6.123% and 2.067% respectively. This study provides the basis for the comprehensive development, utilization and quality evaluation of Açaí.