酸菜汁中乳酸菌的筛选和产酸性能的优化
Screening and acid production optimization of lactic acid bacteria from sauerkraut juice
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摘要: 本文从甘肃地区自制酸菜汁中分离出39株革兰氏阳性菌,过氧化氢酶实验均为阴性。通过滴定法筛选获得6株产酸率高于1%的菌株,经形态学鉴定均为杆菌,其中LS-9菌株的产酸率最高。通过单因素实验确定了LS-9菌株培养基的最佳碳源为葡萄糖,最佳氮源为胰蛋白胨。利用正交实验优化培养条件为葡萄糖添加量20 g/L,胰蛋白胨添加量12 g/L,发酵温度为36 ℃。其中温度对菌株发酵产酸影响最大,其次是胰蛋白胨添加量,葡萄糖添加量对发酵产酸影响最小。验证实验表明,菌株在最佳条件下的产酸率为1.74%±0.05%。经16S rRNA测序和系统进化树分析,LS-9菌株与干酪乳杆菌的同源性较高。全脂奶发酵实验表明LS-9凝乳时间约为6 h,酸度102.4 °T,活菌数可达1.25×108 CFU/mL。Abstract: In this study,39 gram-positive strains with negative results of catalase tests were isolated from home-made sauerkraut juice in Gansu province. Six strains with more than 1% acid production rates were obtained by screening using titration method and identified as Lactobacillus genus by morphology,and LS-9 strain showed the highest acid production rate among the six strains. The optimum carbon source for LS-9 strain was glucose and the optimum nitrogen source was tryptone by single factor experiments. The optimum cultivation conditions were 20 g/L glucose and 12 g/L tryptone at 36℃ by orthogonal test. Temperature had the greatest effect on the acid production of fermentation followed by tryptone amount,and glucose amount had the least effect on the acid production of fermentation. Acid production rate was 1.74%±0.05% under optimum conditions. LS-9 strain shared high identity with Lactobacillus casei by 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic tree analysis. The results of whole-fat milk fermentation showed that the curd formation time of LS-9 was roughly 6 h with acidity of 102.4°T and viable count of 1.25×108 CFU/mL.