Abstract: The freshness of colony and the content of volatile base nitrogen in cold fresh mutton were studied by using nearinfrared hyperspectral spectrum of 400¹000 nm in Ningxia Tan mutton as the research object. The surface spectral images of cold and fresh muttons were collected and the original spectral data were extracted from the region of interest. The anomalous samples detected by the Monte Carlo method were excluded and the calibration set and the prediction set of the samples were divided by the physical and chemical value symbiotic distance method ( SPXY) , ( PLSR) model and the best pretreatment method was established. Then, the principal component regression ( PCR) and support vector machine regression ( SVR) were used to establish the model.Modular method.The results showed that the predicted number of colonies and TVB-N were better when the spectral data were pretreated by orthogonal signal correction ( OSC) , the RCs were 0.9067 and 0.9147, and the Rp were 0.8743 and 0.8802, which were higher than other spectral pretreatment models. Through the comparison of different modeling methods, better PLSR method was the best method. The results showed that Nondestructive testing of freshness of beach mutton could be achieved by using near-infrared hyperspectral spectroscopy.