Abstract: Portable Raman spectrometer has been widely used in the field of food, because of its fast, nondestructive, portable and so on.This paper simply introduces the portable Raman spectrometer of work principle, system structure and characteristics, and specially introduces the application status using portable Raman spectrometer detected and analysis in edible oil adulteration, pesticide residues, illegal additives etc. Then the problems and key technologies in detection of portable Raman spectrometer were discussed.In the end, the application of the portable Raman spectrometer in food detection was prospected.