野生盾形木耳主要营养和活性成分分析
Analysis of nutrients and active components in sporophore of wild Auricularia peltata
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摘要: 目的:对野生盾形木耳子实体的主要营养成分和活性成分进行了测定和分析,为保护和开发利用该野生食药用大型真菌资源提供参考依据。方法:采用国家标准中的方法对野生盾形木耳的主要营养成分和活性成分含量进行了测定。结果:野生盾形木耳Auricularia peltata子实体中的各主要营养成分的含量分别为水分(126.2±0.03)mg/g,灰分(381.2±0.21)mg/g,粗脂肪(2.5±0.09)mg/g,膳食纤维含量(331.8±0.74)mg/g,其中水可溶性纤维含量为(88.6±0.16)mg/g,水不可溶性纤维含量为(243.2±0.58)mg/g;蛋白质含量(145.8±0.72)mg/g,20种氨基酸含量为33.22 mg/g,8种人体必需氨基酸含量为11.27 mg/g,占总氨基酸的33.93%。活性物质成分的含量分别为V_C(35.2±0.12)mg/g,甘露醇(2.4±0.01)mg/g,多糖(12.7±0.03)mg/g。结论:野生盾形木耳A.peltata子实体是高蛋白、高膳食纤维、低脂肪的营养保健食品,具有很好的开发价值。Abstract: Objective: To provide a reference data for the development and utilization the wild of Auricularia peltata,the contents of nutritional and active components of its sporophore were determined. Methods: National standards method was used to determine contents of nutritional components and active material in sporophore of A. peltata. Results: The results showed that contents of water,ash,crude fats and dietary fiber in sporophore of A.peltata were( 126.2 ± 0.03) mg / g,( 381.2 ± 0.21) mg / g,( 2.5 ± 0.09) mg/g and( 331.8 ± 0.74) mg/g( water soluble dietary fiber( 88.6 ± 0.16) mg/g,insoluble dietary fiber( 243.2 ±0.58) mg / g),respectively.The crude protein content was( 145.8 ± 0.72) mg / g dry wild A.peltata.The wild A.peltata contained20 amino acids including 8 essential amino acids,the content of essential amino acid in total amino acid was 33.93%( 11.27 mg/g dry A.peltata vs 33.22 mg/g dry A.peltata). Furthermore,the results indicated that contents of vitamin C and mannitol in sporophore of A.peltata were( 35.2 ± 0.12) mg / g and( 2.4 ± 0.01) mg / g,respectively,while content of polysaccharid was( 12.7 ± 0.03) mg / g. Conclusion: A.peltata may be developed as nutraceutical and pharmaceutical due to its high protein,dietary fiber content and low content of fat.
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