10种植物精油对圣女果中三种致病菌抑制效果的研究

贺红宇; 朱永清; 王自鹏; 刘培; 詹敏; 曾晓丹

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2016.18.021

10种植物精油对圣女果中三种致病菌抑制效果的研究

Inhibitory effects of ten plant essential oils on three pathogens of cherry tomatoes

摘要

摘要: 通过研究植物精油对圣女果致病菌的抑制效果,筛选出对圣女果有良好贮藏保鲜效果的植物精油。使用不同浓度的10种植物精油,采用体外熏蒸法和直接接触法,筛选出对圣女果中三种致病菌具有较强抑制效果的精油,并研究其最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果显示植物精油对三种致病菌的体外熏蒸法优于直接接触法;肉桂精油、山苍子精油、丁香精油、牛至精油对白地霉菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为0.05×104、0.1×104、0.5×104、0.5×104μL/L,最低杀菌浓度分别为0.05×104、0.1×104、0.5×104、1.0×104μL/L;肉桂精油、丁香精油、牛至精油对赤霉菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为0.05×104、0.2×104、0.2×104μL/L,最低杀菌浓度分别为0.05×104、0.2×104、0.5×104μL/L;肉桂精油、丁香精油、牛至精油、山苍子精油对毛霉菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为0.1×104、0.5×104、1.0×104、>1.0×104μL/L,最低杀菌浓度分别为0.1×104、0.5×104、>1.0×104、>1.0×104μL/L。肉桂精油、山苍子精油、丁香精油、牛至精油对白地霉菌均有较好抑制作用;肉桂精油、丁香精油、牛至精油对赤霉菌具有良好的抑菌及杀菌作用;肉桂精油、丁香精油对毛霉菌有较好抑制作用,牛至精油对毛霉菌有一定的抑菌作用,但杀菌效果不明显,山苍子精油对毛霉菌的抑菌杀菌效果最差。

Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate inhibitory effects of plant essential oil on pathogens in the cherry tomatoes.In addition,the plant essential oil that had good fresh- keeping effect was selected. In this study,the fumigation method and direct contact method were used to select the essential oils which had inhibitory effects on three pathogens of cherry tomatoes.Moreover,the minimal inhibitory concentration( MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration( MBC) of essential oils were determined.The minimal inhibitory concentrations of cinnamon essential oil,litsea cubeba oil,clove essential oil and oregano essential oil against Galactomyces candidum were 0.05 × 104,0.1 × 104,0.5 × 104μL / L and 0.5 × 104μL / L respectively. The minimum bactericidal concentration were 0.05 × 104,0.1 × 104,0.5 × 104μL / L and 1.0 × 104μL / L respectively.The minimal inhibitory concentrations of cinnamon essential oil,clove essential oil and oregano essential oil against Gibberella sp.strain were 0.05 × 104,0.2 × 104μL / L and 0.2 ×104μL / L respectively. The minimum bactericidal concentration were 0.05 × 104,0.2 × 104μL / L and 0.5 × 104μL / L respectively.The minimal inhibitory concentrations of cinnamon essential oil,clove essential oil,oregano essential oil and litsea cubeba oil against Mucor fragilis were 0.1 × 104,0.5 × 104,1.0 × 104μL / L and greater than 1.0 × 104μL / L respectively.The minimum bactericidal concentration were 0.1 × 104,0.5 × 104μL / L,greater than 1.0 × 104μL / L,greater than 1.0 × 104μL / L respectively. Cinnamon essential oil,litsea cubeba oil,clove essential oil and oregano essential oil had good inhibitory effect against Galactomyces candidum. Cinnamon essential oil,clove essential oiland oregano essential oil had high inhibitory activity against Gibberella sp.strain.Cinnamon essential oil and clove essential oil had good inhibitory effect against Mucor fragilis,butoregano essential oil had not obvious inhibitory effect and litsea cubeba oil had little inhibitory effect against Mucor fragilis.