不同酶水解对鸡蛋清蛋白降解和潜在致敏性的影响
Effects of enzymatic hydrolysis by different enzyme on the degradation and potential allergenicity of egg white protein
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摘要: 酶水解是降低食物过敏原致敏性的一种常用手段,本文分别利用胃蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶水解鸡蛋清蛋白,通过三羟甲基氨基甘氨酸-十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(Tricine-SDS-PAGE),并结合水解度(邻苯二甲醛法)分析监测蛋清蛋白的酶解过程,进一步利用制备的兔抗蛋清蛋白多克隆抗体血清和鸡蛋过敏患者血清池评估酶解产物的抗原性和致敏性。结果表明:木瓜蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶能够有效的水解蛋清蛋白,并且所得酶解产物的抗原性和致敏性较低,其中,木瓜蛋白酶水解蛋清蛋白后产物的抗原性降低了59.23%,致敏性降低了4.91%;碱性蛋白酶水解蛋清蛋白后产物的抗原性降低了57.61%,致敏性降低了4.55%。因此,木瓜蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶对鸡蛋清蛋白降解及致敏性降低方面均有显著影响。Abstract: Enzymatic hydrolysis is considered as one of the common ways to reduce the allergenicity of food allergens. In this study,the egg white proteins were hydrolyzed with pepsin,papain,neutrase and alcalase.Enzymatic hydrolysis process of egg white protein was sequentially monitored by Tricine- sodium dodecyl sulphate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis( Tricine- SDS- PAGE) and the degree of hydrolysis( o- phthaldialdehyde).Immunoglobulin G( Ig G) and immunoglobulin E( Ig E) binding of the hydrolysates were evaluated by rabbit anti- egg white protein sera and egg allergy patients' serum pool. The results showed that the papain and alcalase could effectively hydrolyze egg white protein,and the hydrolysates also showed the low antigenicity and allergenicity.The antigenicity and allergenicity of the hydrolysates with papain were reduced by 59.23% and 4.91%,respectively,and the antigenicity and allergenicity of the hydrolysates with alcalase protease were reduced by 57.61% and 4.55%,respectively. In conclusion,papain and alcalase protease have a significant impact on degrading egg white proteins and reducing the potential allergenicity.