Abstract: Fatty acids profile of 62 oat samples from different locations and species were analyzed through gas chromatography( GC) combined with principal component analysis( PCA). 14 leather oat varieties were distinguished through PCA scores scatterplot. Then 46 naked oat varieties were selected from the remaining 48 naked oat varieties by cluster analysis and 11 characteristic peaks in these naked oats were identified by total pattern method.Then characteristic and accuracy fatty acids standard fingerprint of naked oats was constructed and the similarities of the 46 samples were more than 0.99. Results of methodological study showed that RSD of precision,reproducibility and stability of the 11 kinds of fatty acids were good,respectively less than 3.069%,4.249% and 4.900%.It was in line with fingerprint testing requirements. This study filled the vacancy of naked oat fingerprint information,replenished grain fatty acid database,and laid the foundation of building a grain nutritional liposome identification technology system.