Abstract: The recovery effect of fecal microbial extracts on ulcerative colitis mouse was studied.64 healthy mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,which was the sham group( n = 20),the negative control group( n = 20),the positive control group( n = 12),and the FMT group( n = 12).The mice from the treated groups were freely drunken3% dextran sulfate sodium salt( DSS) solution for 8 days to establish the ulcerative colitis( UC) model,and 8 mice from the sham group and 8 mice from the negative group were died to verify whether the UC model was set successfully at the 8- th day.After the UC model,the SASP group mice were treated with the SASP solution for four weeks,2 days / time,and the FMT group mice were treated with the fecal microbial extracts from the healthy mouse for four weeks,2 days / time.After that,the follow- up of the mice was studied for two weeks,to observe the mouse state,the weight,the colon length,the colon organization pathology and the serum IL-1β,and IL-6,and TNF-α.Results showed that the serum levels of IL- 6,IL- 1β and TNF- α were significantly decreased in fecal microbial extracts group( p < 0.05),compared with the negative group,the length and weight of the colon were significantly increased in fecal microbial extracts group,and the colon was made more complete.Thus,stool microbial extracts had good effect on the ulcerative colitis and have the potential to be applied into the clinical medicine.