Abstract: This paper explored the feasibility of using electronic nose express the physicochemical indexes during litchi's mature period. After acquired litchi's electronic nose response feature and physicochemical indexes,then the relationship between litchi mature stage and electronic nose response feature,relationship between litchi mature stage and physicochemical indexes,relationship between litchi electronic nose response feature and physicochemical indexes had been analyzed. The experimental results showed that with the maturing of litchi,electronic nose response feature increased gradually. The physicochemical indexes increased gradually before mature stage s5. except L* value and b* value had light decrease,during s5 to s6,other physicochemical indexes were all increased. There were linear relationships between part physicochemical indexes. Using electronic nose sampling value built up the characterization model for physicochemical index representation,their R² were all bigger than 0.9,which had good characterization effect. The experiment proved the feasibility of using electronic nose express the physicochemical indexes during litchi's mature period. The experimental results provide reference for using machine recognition methods for mature stage monitoring in orchard and fruit quality detection.