Abstract: The molecular logic operation is an effective way to solve the bottleneck of the development electronic computer,as well as a key unit of molecular computer. It is a class of very classical molecular basis for DNA mismatch to combine heavy metal,so it is important in the study of molecular logic operation. In this paper,an overview of molecular logic operation was presented. Then,the research progress based on the principle of DNA mismatch for heavy metal combination in molecular logic operation in recent years were classified and summarized,including the fluorescence signal,colorimetric signal,electrochemical signal and ECL signals,etc.Finally,the opportunities and challenges of molecular logic research were proposed.