Abstract: The effects of collagen concentration,temperature,p H value and ionic strength on the kinetic self-assembly of type Ⅰ collagen from tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus) skin were investigated by Boltzmann function and a two-phase kinetic self-assembly model(nucleation phase and growth phase). It showed that the kinetic self-assembly of collagen could be modulated by collagen concentration,temperature,p H value and ionic strength. The marked self-assembly was formed when the concentration of collagen reaching and above0.34 mg/m L from the fitted kinetic self-assembly curve. More of collagen molecules were beneficial for the formation of nucleus,but excess would inhibit the growth of fibril. Collagens were more likely to self-assemble when the temperature was close to the environmental temperature for samples or in the alkaline solution.Finally,the collagen self-assembly could be modulated by Na Cl concentration. The higher Na Cl concentration was beneficial to the formation of nucleus,but the superabundant of Na Cl would inhibit the growth of fibril.