美味牛肝菌(Boletus edulis)对镉(Ⅱ)的生物富集特性研究

李金城; 鲍长俊; 孙云; 庄永亮; 孙丽平

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2015.23.005

美味牛肝菌(Boletus edulis)对镉(Ⅱ)的生物富集特性研究

Bioconcentration characteristics of Cadmium( Ⅱ) by Boletus edulis

摘要

摘要: 本文研究了美味牛肝菌液体发酵对不同浓度镉（Ⅱ）(Cd²⁺,0、16、32、48、64、80 mg/L)的生物富集特性。结果表明,Cd²⁺处理显著抑制了美味牛肝菌菌丝体的生长（p<0.05）,生长抑制率为50%的Cd²⁺浓度为56 mg/L。菌丝体对Cd²⁺的生物富集量可高达3335.7 mg/kg DW,富集系数为52.1（p<0.05）。菌丝体中可溶性总糖和多糖含量随Cd²⁺浓度的升高呈现先上升后下降的趋势,Cd²⁺处理菌丝体中的多糖含量均高于无Cd²⁺组（p<0.05）;菌丝体中可溶性蛋白含量随Cd²⁺浓度的升高先降低后上升,80 mg/L Cd²⁺处理组显著高于无Cd²⁺组（p<0.05）。Cd²⁺处理对菌体过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性呈现显著的"低促高抑"的影响趋势（p<0.05）,而过氧化物酶（POD）活性被显著抑制（p<0.05）。表明美味牛肝菌对Cd²⁺具有很强的生物富集能力,可能是菌体的特定成分如多糖、蛋白等协同抗氧化酶系增强了菌体对Cd²⁺的耐受性和富集性能。

Abstract: The bioconcentration characteristics of cadmium( Ⅱ) with different concentrations( Cd²⁺,0,16,32,48,64 and 80 mg / L) by Boletus edulis under liquid fermentation were investigated.The results showed that the treatment with increasing Cd²⁺concentrations significantly inhibited mycelia growth( p < 0.05),and 50% inhibitory concentration was 56 mg / L.Mycelia showed significant accumulation capacity for Cd²⁺,with the highest content of3335.7 mg Cd per kg mycelia( DW),and the bioconcentration factor was 52.1( p < 0.05). The contents of total soluble sugars and polysaccharides in mycelia were increased firstly and then decreased with increasing Cd²⁺concentrations.The content of polysaccharides in mycelia treated with Cd²⁺significantly higher than that of control( p < 0.05). Soluble protein contents were decreased firstly and then increased with increasing Cd²⁺concentrations,with the peak at 80 mg / L Cd²⁺( p < 0.05). The activities of CAT and SOD were significantly increased by lower Cd²⁺concentrations but inhibited by high Cd²⁺concentrations( p < 0.05).The activities of POD were significantly inhibited by Cd²⁺treatment( p < 0.05).