Abstract: Hypercholesterolemia was the potential risk factors that could lead to some serious diseases like atherosclerosis. Researches about the method to reduce cholesterol become a focus in the field of medical and food. There are many advantages such as costing lower price and efficiency by using microorganisms to lower cholesterol. This study would introduce several kinds of common microorganisms that had the ability of lowing cholesterol,such as,lactic acid bacteria,yeast,monascus,etc and the mechanisms of lowing cholesterol.