Abstract: The seeds of S. chinensis were chosen as material. The composition of oil and volatile oil in seeds and the main ingredients were identified. Expression was used to extract oil from the seeds. GC/MS and HPLC Chromatography were employed to detect fatty acids and lignans in oil. Steam distillation was used to extract volatile oil and GC/MS Chromatography was used to detect the components. The results showed that the yield of S. chinensis oil was 24.03%. Ten kinds of fatty acids were identified. The major fatty acids were linoleic acid and oleic acid. The content of unsaturated fatty acids in S. chinensis oil was up to 92.86%. The contents of schizandrin, deoxyschisandrin and γ-schisandrin in S. chinensis oil were 0.755%, 0.125% and 0.952%. The yield of volatile oil was 2.34%. Fifty-two compounds were identified. The main constituents in volatile oil belong to sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes. Ylangene, β-cedrene and double- table-α-cedrene were the main constituents in the volatile oil.