Abstract: 8 kinds of plant oil including extra virgin olive oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, palm oil, corn oil, a total of 52 samples were determined by molecular fluorescence photometer which gave out its synchronous fluorescence spectrum and the three dimensional fluorescence spectrum. The results showed that the synchronous fluorescence spectra, were characteristic of absorption peak in peak number, peak position and intensity of different varieties of vegetable oil. And the three dimensional fluorescence spectrum were “fingerprint”, with higher sensitivity, the difference of the spectra were more obvious and intuitive.It could provide a new reference method as identification and quality control of vegetable oil.